Museum Archives - The Birthplace of Country Music
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From the Vault: Postcards

There have been many different forms of communication throughout history. One that has stood the test of time is postcards. Postcards typically have a picture on the front and space on the back to write a note and address the card to a loved one. While they are still used as a way to communicate, a lot of people, like myself, collect postcards as souvenirs from the places they visit. In 1945, the term deltiology was coined by Professor Rendell Rhoades and his colleagues at Ohio State University. Deltiology is the study and collection of postcards. 

There is an Institute of American Deltiology located in my hometown of Myerstown, Pennsylvania, which is about 40 minutes east of Hershey (Yes, the chocolate town). The institute was established and is run by Donald Brown who began collecting postcards in 1943. The collection now contains over one million postcards that are preserved at the University of Maryland. I have been lucky enough to have visited and spend some time at the institute. Almost every room of the institute’s three story house is filled with postcards covering the whole state of Pennsylvania and the other 49 states of America. Today, vintage postcards are also used as a way to tell the history of a place. There are two book series – Images of America, and Postcard History – that use postcards as the basis of their history. Both series even have books on specifically about Bristol – Bristol to Knoxville: A Postcard Tour, Bristol (Postcard History: Tennessee)

Record cover. Black band on top with Bruce Springsteen's signature in white on top and plane black bottom with a colorful greeting card image in the middle. The card fades top down from orange, yellow, green, to blue and reads "Greetings from Asbury Park N.J." The words Abury Park are filled with images of buildings and scenery.
Photos of Bruce Springsteen’s Greetings From Asbury Park, N.J. Album. Photos taken by Greg Underkoffler.

Historians are not the only people inspired by postcard artwork. Bruce Springsteen took inspiration from postcards for his Greetings from Asbury Park, N.J. album cover. He used postcard art because he wanted it to be known that he was from New Jersey. Greetings from Asbury Park, N.J. was Springsteens’s first studio album. It was released on January 5, 1973 and includes “Blinded By The Light.” Originally this album did not sell well and peaked at 60 on the Billboard charts. Now it is one of the most recognizable album covers. Springsteen’s Greetings from Asbury Park, N.J. album cover shows that postcards have a much bigger impact on culture than just a way to communicate. Springsteen is not the only artist to use postcards as inspiration. There are countless songs, lyrics, and covers across all music genres that have used postcards as inspiration. 

Front and back of a postcard. Image of a 1920s street on the front and writing and a stamp on the back.
Scans of State Street Postcard from the collection of the Birthplace of Country Music Museum. Scan by Julia Underkoffler.

Within the museum’s collection we have several historic postcards of downtown Bristol. This one of State Street was purchased by the museum in 2019. The postage mark notes that it was mailed on August 30, 1937 in Portland, Oregon. The postcard was printed by Asheville Post Card Company out of Ashville, North Carolina and the image was colored by C.T. American Art Colored, which is also known as Curt Teich & Co.

Order card for Taylor Christian Hat Co. with blacks for a customer to fill out order information.
Scan of the Taylor-Christian Hat Company Postcard Donated by Rob Modlin in Honor of Joanne Christian Modlin, Joe Christian, William Christian, Jack Christian; and in memory of Bobby Christian. Scan by Julia Underkoffler

This postcard in the museum’s collection is from the Taylor Christian Hat Company. The 1927 Bristol Sessions were recorded on the second floor of the hat company’s storefront. Instead of a photo postcard this one addresses an order from a customer. This postcard is one of the only artifacts that document the business of the Taylor Christian Hat Company and where the building was located as it is no longer standing in downtown Bristol.

black and white image of a church with a steeple, white clapboard siding, and four pillars in front.
Scan of the Bayless Highway Baptist Church, donated in memory of Alfred Karnes’ youngest daughter Dorcas who treasured it to her passing. Scan by Julia Underkoffler.

Lastly, this postcard was donated by the descendants of Alfred Karnes. Karnes recorded 6 songs at the 1927 Bristol Sessions. The postcard depicts the Bayless Highway Baptist Church located near Starke, Florida. This church was one of the last places where Karnes’ preached before he passed away in 1958. 

image of postcard kiosk at the museum. A black shadow box with various postcards is hanging on the wall above the kiosk.
Birthplace of Country Music Postcard exhibit, photo by Julia Underkoffler

In addition to these postcards from the vault we have several postcards on display near the virtual postcard kiosk where you can send a digital postcard to a loved one when you visit the museum! 

By Julia Underkoffler, Collection Specialist at the Birthplace of Country Music Museum.

Reflections on Ten Years of Docent Tours

A silver nametag with the Birthplace of Country Music Logo, reading "Barbara- Docent."
Barbara’s own Docent badge.

In August of 2014 The Birthplace of Country Music Museum opened its doors for the first time. To celebrate our 10 year anniversary, we have asked two of our longest serving volunteers, Mary Geiger and Barbara Smith, to reflect on their time as docents at the museum and share some of their favorite memories from the last ten years. Mary and Barbara were part of the first class of docents for the museum. Docents are museum volunteers who have been specially trained to provide tours. 

A group of women sitting around a man at a table, they are Docents and he is Thomas Richardson.
A group of Docents with Thomas Richardson.

 

The new Birthplace of Country Music Museum was sparkling and we six “brand spanking new” docent graduates were brimming with enthusiasm. Our docent education was intense and in-depth, and we could not wait to share with visitors all that we learned of the museum story.  Each docent created their own unique method of presentation; however, brimming with naiveté, it quickly became clear that there wasn’t visitor interest or time to share all our knowledge.  A sure sign we had gone too far was the audience’s eyes glazing over!  Thus began the 2nd phase of docent education, the mental exercise of paring down one’s knowledge to critical, but manageable information while also aiming for a personable yet interesting presentation.  This lesson is an ongoing process even ten years later.

A woman guiding two children through an exhibit at the Birthplace of Country Music Museum, and explaining parts of the exhibit to them.
Barbara guides two children through an exhibit.

 

 

Content and pared down information were not the only challenges, another challenge was managing to be heard!  In our music museum, the docent is almost always talking over background music from carefully placed “sound clouds” in the gallery. While these sound clouds direct the sound into specific spaces of the museum, docents often have to be heard by crowds of thirty or more people that can bleed over into different sound cloud zones during a tour.  Luckily, many of our docents were once school teachers and are blessed with “foghorn” voices which can be heard over the loudest clamor!  Those of us with softer voices found alternate methods to ensure we can be heard, such as using portable microphones.

 

A delightful reflection is the experience of watching those artists featured in the museum exhibits react to seeing their contributions. It was fun watching Scythian mimic their poses on the back wall in the Immersion Experience or Crus Contreras, during his tour, encouraging an artist staff member or Paul Thorn and his drummer Jeffrey, both south paws, simultaneously autographing the Green Board.

Two docents smiling for a picture with musician Paul Thorn.
Two Docents meeting with Paul Thorn.

The Alfred Karnes family has held two family reunions in the museum.  While talking to Karnes’s last surviving daughter and succeeding generations, we learned more about this fascinating, deep-voiced Baptist minister who married five times, with his 5th wife perhaps last in possession of his never-seen-again harp guitar.

A picture of a large group of people standing on the staircase at the Birthplace of Country Music Museum. It is the reunion of the descendants of Sessions musician Alfred Karnes.
The Karnes family reunion.

Recently the two of us shared the joy in touring the Eastman Chemical France Division employees, with Barbara performing the introduction in French!

Our final reflection is the reward in meeting so many diverse visitors over the years, most particularly those who arrive not knowing the museum story or even liking country music and then departing with a newfound appreciation for both.  Those are the most enjoyable tours. 

 

Guest Bloggers Mary Geiger and Barbara Smith are volunteers at the Birthplace of Country Music Museum.

Country Music as an Academic Probe

“Country music”, along with its variations, is not often a term you’d associate with academia, at least not until you have a good understanding of the vast field of musicology. As a historian of music, I often find myself at the crossroads trying to explain what I study and how I study it. My succinct answer is, a historian of music studies music, but not strictly musicologically, but rather uses music to scrutinize history. This, in my opinion, is disparate from music historians, or musicologists with an emphasis on history, for whom the product of music itself is the central subject. As for country music historians, country music as an art form comes first and foremost, but that doesn’t mean it’s just about the music. As a genre with humble roots, one can’t talk about country and folk music without referring to historical and sometimes political contexts.

Today, country music is a recognized, albeit small, academic discipline with international appeal. One of American folk music’s early advocates, Charles Seeger (1886-1979) helped spearhead the founding of the Society of Ethnomusicology (SEM). Seeger envisioned for music to be communicated and studied musically, instead of merely through linguistics as crutch. He advocated the role of the (ethno)musicologist to be a transmitter of music but also critic of culture. The field today has mostly evolved a long way from the days of Seeger. Musicology nevertheless still relies heavily on textual analyses of music, which, tellingly, did not necessarily become a point of concern for professionals. Currently, country music in academia is taught primarily as a form of performing arts, and less as a theory or history. The International Country Music Conference (ICMC), founded in 1983,  has been held annually at Belmont University in Nashville, Tennessee since 1998. This year it runs from May 30th to June 1st.

A white man holding a baby plays a piano outside a trailer while a standing woman plays fiddle and two children sit on a bench beside her.
Ethnomusicologist Charles Seeger, Jr., with his wife, Constance, and their three sons, Charles III, John, and Pete. This photograph may be from a tour they made of the American South in a homemade trailer. Image is from the National Photo Company (1921) and is in the public domain.

For those who aspire to become professional musicians or work in the country music industry and adjacent, East Tennessee State University, Morehead State University, and Denison University offer degree programs in the genre. Other institutions in North America including the Berklee College of Music, USC Thornton School of Music, University of Miami, University of Saskatchewan MacEwan University offer, or have offered in the past, courses and an initiative on country music. The Country Music Foundation based in Nashville had published the Journal of Country Music from 1971 to 2007. The journals are archived and still accessible through many higher institutions, as well as the Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum digital archive.

If you are interested in reading academic writings on country music, a good place to start is with anything by historian Bill C. Malone, professor of history emeritus at Tulane University. Country Music U.S.A. (1968) is inarguably the first academic history book on country music. The turn of the twentieth century saw the political bifurcation within country music, shown through monographs such as Charles K. Wolfe’s Country Music goes to War (2005) and Rednecks and Bluenecks: The Politics of Country Music (2007) by journalist Chris Willman. In recent years, academics have leaned more toward socio-political themes, displayed in work like Diane Pecknold’s Hidden in the Mix: the African American Presence in Country Music (2013), Nadine Hubbs’ Rednecks, Queers, and Country Music (2014), Peter La Chapelle’s I’d Fight the World: A Political History of Old-Time, Hillbilly, and Country Music (2019), and anthology Whose Country Music? Genre, Identity, and Belonging in Twenty-First-Century Country Music Culture(2022).

Collaged image of the cover of four books. Country Music U.S.A, Rednecks and Bluenecks: The Politics of Country Music, Hidden in the Mix: the African American Presence in Country Music, and Rednecks, Queers, and Country Music.

Just like the grassroots of country music itself, the academia of country music also reflects the debates that are present in the country music scene. The problem of “authenticity” has plagued various art forms and genres, but with a genre like country music, it is particularly prominent. Recently, philosophy professor Evan Malone published an excellent piece on the topic in the British Journal of Aesthetics in a 2023 issue. With references to a range of scholars with backgrounds from Anthropology to Aesthetics with an emphasis on country music, including Jack Bernhardt, John Dyck, Richard Shusterman, it demonstrates the versatile ways country music can be studied academically.

In my very own first year of PhD for a final’s assignment, I assembled a lecture in history on medieval Celtic and African musical traditions and their manifestations in Appalachian folk music—a connection that often surprises non-listeners. Outside of traditional academia, current events surrounding and within country music have been covered by journalists and critics, such as Emily Nussbaum’s 2023 piece for The New Yorker.

Alas, it is challenging to include a more thorough academic country music discography here. In an effort to keep this blog digestible, I am only able to give you taste of the available literature and must leave many scholars out of this post. I encourage you to start your own reading journey and dive into the academic world of country music with me. As country music enters a new phase both artistically and in popularity, we can certainly anticipate further exciting discussions in the near future!

Image of a young Chinese-American woman with long black hair and wearing a grey long sleeve shirt.
Emily Lu, PhD Candidate at Florida State University.

Guest Blogger Emily Lu is a PhD candidate in History at Florida State University in Tallahassee, Florida.

Confessions of a Conferenceaholic: BCMM Goes to ICMC!

As a curator at a small-ish museum, I wear many hats. And one of those hats puts me in front of the public in a variety of ways, from media interviews to public programs to outreach activities. Another way is attending conferences – both professional and academic – to share the story of the Birthplace of Country Music Museum (BCMM) and related cultural and music history.

Over the years, the curatorial team has attended conferences for the American Alliance of Museums, Virginia Association of Museums, Tennessee Association of Museums, Appalachian Studies Association, Radio Preservation Task Force, Southeastern Museums Conference, and Smithsonian Affiliations. These opportunities are a great way to rejuvenate energy and inspiration around our work, develop professionally, make new contacts and partnerships, and learn A LOT.

Most recently, Collections Specialist Julia Underkoffler and I attended the International Country Music Conference (ICMC) at Belmont University in Nashville, Tennessee. Begun in 1983, ICMC “provides scholars an opportunity to share their work in all aspects of country music. It broadly defines country music to include variants which share common historical and cultural roots ranging from Americana, alt-country, bluegrass, Cajun, country rock, crossover, and honky tonk to the Nashville Sound, New Traditionalist, old-time country, and Western swing.” Speakers come from all over the United States and several countries, and they present on a wide variety of topics. The 2024 conference had papers on Marty Robbins’ El Paso trilogy of songs; Confederate memory in classic country and bluegrass; country music and nostalgia; Black female musicians and Dolly Parton covers; the partnership between Johnny Cash and Chips Moman; the career and legacy of Howdy Glenn; and Daniel O’Donnell and Irish country – so something for everyone!

 

(Left image) A table with a black University of Illinois Press logo table cloth and several books on display. (Right image) The corner of a building with RCA Victor Recording Company on one side and the Nipper logo on the other.
The University of Illinois Press brings books galore, a never-ending temptation for history nerds, and being in Nashville provides plenty of reminders of the music industry of today with the early commercial country music we celebrate in the museum – it’s Nipper!

 

We attended ICMC for the first time in 2022, thanks to a professional development grant from the Institute for Museum & Library Services. And we are so glad we did – this conference has turned into one of our absolute favorites! It is an incredibly friendly event, and we were immediately welcomed into the fold and asked to participate in different ways, which really helped us to meet and get to know the other attendees. ICMC also provides some of the best conference food I’ve ever had!

(Top image) Feet wearing a pair of black boots with colorful designs. (Left image) A young woman with brown curly hair wearing an oragne dress and jean jacket is posing in a garten. (Right image) Three women standing together and smiling. The woman on the left is a white woman with brown hair. She is wearing a blue shirt and has sunglasses on her head. The woman in the middle is a white woman with white hair to her shoulders and is wearing a black suit jacket with a scarf. The woman on the right is a Black woman with blond hair and is wearing a black bedazzled shirt.
ICMC also offers beautiful walks around the conference’s host Belmont University; seeing old friends like bootmaker Lisa Sorrell (and her beautiful boots!); and making connections with other conference attendees, including LaDawn Fuhr and Sherry Glover, daughter of King Records producer Henry Glover!

Once again, the 2024 conference was a great experience, giving us the chance to share our work with a wider audience. And it was also Julia’s first experience at a professional conference! We participated in the conference in two tangible ways this year. First, Julia and I presented on the preservation of the museum’s Farm and Fun Time transcription disc – you can read the cool story of this artifact’s discovery and conservation HERE and HERE.

Second, I was invited to be part of the Charles K. Wolfe Memorial Panel: “Honoring Legacy Through (Re)building Museum Practice.” This panel was organized by Dr. Jada Watson and moderated by Dr. Kris McCusker. Along with Angela Stefano Zimmer of the Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum (CMHoFM) and Dr. Bryan Pierce of the National Museum of African American Music (NMAAM), we discussed the ongoing work museums are doing to highlight the legacy of Black music and musicians in the country music industry – through exhibits, educational outreach activities, and public programming. I found the conversation and learning about what the CMHoFM and NMAAM are doing so inspiring – and a great way to think about other work we can do at BCMM in the future.

(left image) Two white women, one in a blue shirt with straight brown hair and one in a jean jacket with curly brown hair, stand at a podium in front of a power point presentation. (right image) three people sit at a long table under a power point slide with one person at a podium off to the side.
Sharing the story of the Farm and Fun Time transcription disc (left) and participating in the Charles K. Wolfe Memorial Panel (right).

Besides the conference sessions and academic panels, the ICMC organizers always provide wonderfully engaging evening programs – for instance, last year we had a talk and performance by the Black Opry. This year’s Friday night program gave us the opportunity to gather together at Historic Columbia A Recording Studio to learn about how Latino culture has long influenced country music from the music to the wardrobe to the myths. Moderated by Dr. Greg Reish, we heard from artist manager and consultant Rick Rodriguez and country artist Orlando Mendez as they explored that influence, touching on pivotal moments in the industry development, the contributions of Latino artists, and the role of language and different regional styles to the evolving sound of the music, and sharing contemporary initiatives to spotlight this rich history. Even better we got a selection of songs by Orlando and a rousing performance by several of the participants to close out the program!

(left image) a man playing a guitar. (right image) four musicians stand in a row playing instruments.
Friday night music at Historic Columbia A Recording Studio!

As you can see, ICMC is a jam-packed but incredibly engaging experience. Julia and I came back from Nashville full of ideas, new friends and contacts, and a deep appreciation for all of the wonderful work that is being done in the world of country music history – and for its future. That inspiration is rejuvenating and will benefit our own museum and community! Thank you, ICMC!